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Table 2 Prevalence of exposure to pro-tobacco advertisements in movies/videos, television programs, newspapers/magazines and at outdoor community events among students aged 1315 years in 20 low and middle income countries, 2007-2008

From: A cross-country comparison of the prevalence of exposure to tobacco advertisements among adolescents aged 13–15 years in 20 low and middle income countries

Region/Country

Movies/Videos

Television programs

Newspapers/ Magazines

Outdoor community events

 

Overall

Boys

Girls

Overall

Boys

Girls

Overall

Boys

Girls

Overall

Boys

Girls

 

% (95%CI)

% (95% CI)

% (95% CI)

% (95% CI)

% (95% CI)

% (95%CI)

% (95%CI)

% (95% CI)

% (95% CI)

% (95% CI)

% (95% CI)

% (95% CI)

African Region

            

Botswana

90.7

91.7

90.0

68.0

65.3

70.4

48.4

47.4

49.2

55.8

56.8

54.3

 

(88.7-92.7)

(88.4-94.9)

(87.7-92.3)

(65.6-70.4)

(61.9-68.7)

(66.9-74.0)

(45.1-51.8)

(43.4-51.5)

(45.3-53.1)

(52.8-58.9)

(52.6-61.0)

(50.4-58.2)

Lesotho

78.4

74.7

80.3

70.8

71.0

69.5

60.2

59.9

60.3

62.4

58.1

65.0

 

(70.1-86.8)

(62.5-86.9)

(73.8-86.9)

(65.8-75.8)

(64.5-77.6)

(63.8-75.1)

(55.9-64.6)

(53.4-66.5)

(54.0-66.6)

(54.2-70.5)

(49.9-66.2)

(56.2-73.8)

Rwanda

86.4

88.8

83.9

79.0

83.1

74.7

31.1

29.2

31.9

30.6

31.2

29.4

 

(81.4-91.5)

(83.8-93.9)

(76.6-91.3)

(73.4-84.6)

(78.1-88.1)

(67.2-82.2)

(26.2-35.9)

(24.5-33.9)

(23.5-40.3)

(25.9-35.3)

(25.1-37.3)

(21.1-37.7)

Seychelles

96.1

94.8

97.2

68.1

65.1

71.3

49.4

47.5

50.8

63.6

57.5

69.6

 

(94.0-98.1)

(91.4-98.2)

(95.5-98.9)

(63.9-72.2)

(59.3-70.9)

(64.8-77.8)

(43.3-55.4)

(40.9-54.0)

(42.4-59.3)

(58.8-68.3)

(50.8-64.1)

(64.6-74.7)

South Africa

92.7

91.9

93.2

77.2

78.3

76.5

66.8

67.7

66.1

59.7

60.1

59.4

 

(90.8-94.5)

(89.3-94.6)

(91.3-95.2)

(74.9-79.5)

(75.5-81.0)

(73.5-79.5)

(63.6-70.1)

(64.1-71.4)

(62.2-70.0)

(57.0-62.3)

(56.6-63.7)

(56.3-62.6)

Togo

80.0

79.6

80.5

48.7

46.8

50.8

29.5

29.2

29.5

44.3

43.7

44.7

 

(74.0-86.0)

(72.7-86.4)

(74.5-86.4)

(40.6-56.8)

(36.7-56.8)

(43.5-58.1)

(23.0-35.9)

(21.7-36.7)

(23.6-35.3)

(34.3-54.2)

(33.5-53.9)

(33.4-55.9)

Eastern Mediterranean region

            

Islamic Republic of Iran

94.7

93.2

96.3

64.8

64.6

64.8

48.2

48.0

48.4

59.8

60.4

58.6

 

(93.2-96.3)

(91.5-94.9)

(94.3-98.4)

(58.6-71.0)

(56.4-72.9)

(57.3-72.4)

(43.0-53.3)

(39.3-56.7)

(41.3-55.5)

(53.2-66.3)

(50.8-70.1)

(49.5-67.6)

Tunisia

97.6

96.8

98.3

68.3

69.5

67.0

58.7

58.4

59.0

64.4

66.8

61.4

 

(96.6-98.6)

(95.6-98.0)

(97.3-99.3)

(65.1-71.5)

(65.7-73.3)

(62.7-71.4)

(55.0-62.5)

(53.9-62.9)

(53.5-64.5)

(60.3-68.5)

(63.3-70.4)

(55.6-67.2)

Yemen

90.4

90.1

91.4

77.6

79.4

73.4

62.3

64.4

57.9

62.6

61.3

64.1

 

(85.8-95.0)

(83.7-96.6)

(85.0-97.8)

(72.1-83.1)

(70.8-88.0)

(61.3-85.6)

(53.2-71.3)

(53.3-75.6)

(48.8-67.0)

(52.7-72.4)

(47.6-74.9)

(51.5-76.7)

Europe

            

Kyrgyzstan

93.4

92.4

94.4

72.7

70.7

74.5

55.2

58.9

51.9

56.7

53.1

59.8

 

(91.0-95.9)

(88.3-96.5)

(92.4-96.4)

(70.4-75.0)

(67.1-74.3)

(70.7-78.4)

(51.8-58.7)

(54.9-62.9)

(47.1-56.8)

(51.5-61.8)

(46.7-59.5)

(54.8-64.8)

FYR Macedonia

92.9

92.9

92.9

71.0

70.8

71.0

65.2

63.4

67.0

57.9

58.2

57.7

 

(91.3-94.5)

(91.1-94.7)

(90.8-94.9)

(68.9-73.1)

(67.8-73.8)

(68.4-73.7)

(63.2-67.2)

(61.0-65.9)

(63.9-70.1)

(55.9-60.0)

(55.8-60.5)

(54.4-61.0)

Republic of Moldova

94.1

94.0

94.4

66.6

68.4

64.9

58.1

58.6

57.7

43.6

45.2

41.9

 

(93.0-95.3)

(92.6-95.5)

(93.0-95.9)

(64.3-69.0)

(65.5-71.2)

(61.3-68.5)

(55.6-60.6)

(54.1-63.1)

(53.8-61.6)

(40.2-47.1)

(41.1-49.2)

(37.9-46.0)

Montenegro

96.7

96.1

97.4

66.5

67.7

65.5

58.2

58.3

58.1

43.6

43.5

43.2

 

(96.0-97.5)

(95.3-96.9)

(96.3-98.6)

(64.5-68.6)

(64.3-71.0)

(62.3-68.6)

(55.2-61.1)

(54.4-62.2)

(53.9-62.3)

(40.5-46.7)

(39.9-47.1)

(39.0-47.5)

Serbia

97.3

96.3

98.4

73.8

75.3

73.0

63.8

65.2

62.8

53.9

54.0

53.2

 

(96.4-98.2)

(94.5-98.0)

(97.7-99.2)

(71.6-76.1)

(72.1-78.5)

(69.7-76.2)

(61.5-66.2)

(61.9-68.5)

(59.8-65.7)

(51.2-56.6)

(50.1-58.0)

(49.7-56.6)

Region of the Americas

            

Belize

97.8

97.9

97.7

77.1

78.0

76.2

58.3

59.7

56.7

64.0

64.0

64.1

 

(97.1-98.4)

(96.9-98.8)

(96.6-98.7)

(72.8-81.5)

(73.2-82.8)

(70.6-81.7)

(53.5-63.1)

(53.8-65.6)

(51.5-62.0)

(59.0-69.0)

(58.0-70.1)

(58.1-70.0)

Panama

87.1

87.6

86.6

57.8

59.5

56.2

56.7

59.9

54.3

-- *

-- *

-- *

 

(84.9-89.3)

(84.8-90.4)

(84.1-89.2)

(55.7-59.8)

(55.6-63.4)

(52.8-59.6)

(54.3-59.2)

(56.6-63.3)

(50.2-58.3)

   

South-East Asia

            

Myanmar

94.3

94.4

94.4

65.1

64.3

66.0

78.7

78.5

78.9

67.2

68.8

65.2

 

(92.4-96.2)

(91.8-96.9)

(91.5-97.2)

(61.6-68.6)

(60.7-68.0)

(61.7-70.4)

(74.9-82.4)

(74.0-82.9)

(74.1-83.6)

(63.0-71.4)

(63.5-74.2)

(60.0-70.5)

Sri Lanka

93.6

92.7

94.5

72.8

74.5

71.2

68.4

68.8

68.0

79.0

78.3

79.6

 

(91.9-95.4)

(89.6-95.7)

(92.8-96.3)

(68.7-76.9)

(69.4-79.7)

(66.7-75.7)

(64.6-72.3)

(62.4-75.1)

(63.2-72.8)

(75.5-82.5)

(73.6-82.9)

(75.1-84.2)

Western Pacific

            

Mongolia

80.9

81

80.7

54.6

57.4

51.5

40.8

42.1

39.2

48.9

47.0

50.1

 

(74.1-87.8)

(74.3-87.6)

(73.1-88.2)

(46.2-63)

(47.0-67.8)

(44.2-58.8)

(35.5-46.1)

(36.4-47.8)

(33.1-45.4)

(39.6-58.3)

(34.6-59.5)

(42.9-57.4)

Philippines

93.1

94

92.3

91.7

90.5

92.8

89.7

93.5

86.0

79.4

81.1

78.0

 

(92.2-93.9)

(92.5-95.6)

(91–93.6)

(90.1-93.3)

(88.1-92.9)

(91.1-94.4)

(83.2-96.3)

(83.9-103)

(77.2-94.8)

(77.5-81.3)

(78.1-84.1)

(75.4-80.5)

  1. Note: CI, confidence interval; FYR Macedonia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia.
  2. * Outcome measure not calculated because of non-availability of data (i.e., question was not asked).