Table 4 Crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of being a daily tobacco user compared to not being a daily tobacco user
From: Tobacco use and associated factors among Adults in Uganda: Findings from a nationwide survey
| Â | -n- | Number of daily tobacco users (%) | Crude OR [95Â % CI] | Adjusted ORa [95Â % CI] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex | ||||
 Female | 2382 | 111 (4.7) | 1.0 | 1.0 |
 Male | 1601 | 255 (15.9) | 5.33 [3.66–7.79] | 5.51 [3.81–7.95] |
Age | ||||
 18–29 | 1616 | 61 (3.8) | 1.0 | 1.0 |
 30–49 | 1678 | 180 (10.7) | 2.37 [1.43–3.94] | 2.47 [1.54–3.94] |
 50–69 | 689 | 125 (18.1) | 2.90 [1.68–5.01] | 2.82 [1.68–4.74] |
Education | ||||
 No formal school | 652 | 117 (17.9) | 1.0 | 1.0 |
 Primary | 1625 | 164 (10.1) | 0.45 [0.30–0.67] | 0.43 [0.29–0.65] |
 Secondary | 1317 | 65 (4.9) | 0.19 [0.12–0.31] | 0.21 [0.14–0.33] |
 University or higher | 374 | 19 (5.1) | 0.23 [0.10–0.49] | 0.23 [0.11–0.48] |
Employment | ||||
 Employed | 2600 | 242 (9.3) | 1.0 | 1.0 |
 Unemployed | 1382 | 124 (9.0) | 1.33 [0.88–2.02] | 1.35 [0.91–2.00] |
Region | ||||
 Central | 963 | 52 (5.4) | 1.0 | 1.0 |
 Eastern | 1292 | 90 (7.0) | 2.29 [1.36–3.86] | 2.14 [1.33–3.45] |
 Northern | 779 | 131 (16.8) | 4.54 [2.87–7.16] | 4.31 [2.79–6.45] |
 Western | 949 | 93 (9.8) | 2.20 [1.31–3.68] | 1.87 [1.18–2.97] |
Residence | ||||
 Urban | 1084 | 72 (6.6) | 1.0 | 1.0 |
 Rural | 2899 | 294 (10.1) | 0.83 [0.55–1.25] | 0.81 [0.56–1.18] |
BMI (kg/m2) | ||||
 Normal 18.5–24.9 | 2531 | 255 (10.2) | 1.0 | 1.0 |
 Overweight/obese ≥25 | 828 | 44 (7.6) | 0.71 [0.41–1.24] | 0.64 [0.38–1.09] |
 Underweight <18.5 | 330 | 84 (25.5) | 2.17 [1.46–3.22] | 2.19 [1.48–3.24] |
Blood pressure (mmHg) | ||||
 Normal | 3617 | 539 (14.9) | 1.0 | 1.0 |
 Raised or medication | 366 | 57 (15.6) | 0.87 [0.56–1.36] | 0.85 [0.56–1.31] |
FPG (mmol/L) | ||||
  < 6.1 | 3562 | 322 (9.0) | 1.0 | 1.0 |
 6.1–6.9 | 82 | 5 (6.1) | 0.52 [0.12–2.29] | 0.48 [0.11–2.19] |
  > =7 or on DM Rx | 46 | 6 (13.0) | 1.81 [0.62–5.30] | 1.89 [0.64–5.58] |
Marital status | ||||
 Never married | 627 | 36 (5.7) | 1.0 | 1.0 |
 Currently married | 2642 | 231 (8.7) | 1.57 [0.86–2.87] | 1.31 [0.77–2.26] |
 Other (separated/divorced/widowed) | 714 | 99 (13.9) | 2.81 [1.41–5.61] | 2.54 [1.36–4.72] |